Just past the turnoff to Espinosa. During my hour at the wheel we passed the black granite and dark lakes around Sudbury. I am again struck by the way it has changed from our earlier travels in the 70s and 80s. In those days this region was a moonscape as a result of the poisons from the smelters.

The enormous chimneys are still here and still spewing but regulations imposed on the companies have meant that they have had to clean out the worst pollutants. As you can see in the photo the land is slowly recovering but the black stains on the rocks remind us of the earlier offence.

Just east of Espinosa we passed by many stands of yellow evergreens. It was unclear to us whether this was the result of disease, pollution, or some more 'natural' process. Where's a biologist or forester when you need one?